Is there a benefit of vitamin D supplementation in deficient children and adolescents suffering from obesity? A meta-analysis

Is there a benefit of vitamin D supplementation in deficient children and adolescents suffering from obesity? A meta-analysis

M F Nassar, E K Emam, M F Allam

QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, Volume 113, Issue Supplement_1, March 2020, hcaa063.001, https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcaa063.001

Published: 05 May 2020

Background and objectives. Both childhood obesity and vitamin D deficiency are common in the Middle East. This systematic review/meta-analysis aims to highlight the effect of vitamin D supplementation in deficient children suffering from obesity.

Methods. Published clinical studies on vitamin D supplementation in obese children and adolescents with vitamin D deficiency were identified through a comprehensive MEDLINE/PubMed search (from July 1966 to November 2017). Outcomes intended after vitamin D supplementation were improvements in vitamin D status, BMI alterations and appetite changes. The inclusion criteria were children aged 2 to 18 years of both sexes in clinical trials that specified the oral and/or intramuscular dose of vitamin D supplementation.

Results. Ten studies were retrieved, but only six were relevant. First, supplemented obese children and adolescents were compared to non-obese controls; thereafter, supplemented obese children and adolescents were compared to matching obese peers given placebo. Pooled risks from the two studies that evaluated the number of obese and non-obese children and adolescents who improved upon vitamin D supplementation revealed that obesity poses a risk for not benefiting from the vitamin D supplementation regardless of the dose and the duration of supplementation. Pooled results from the six retrieved studies that compared supplemented obese children and adolescents to matching non-obese or obese peers given placebo revealed significantly lower vitamin D levels in obese participants than in non-obese peers.

Conclusion. Vitamin D levels are significantly lower in obese children and adolescents with obesity, posing a risk for not benefiting from vitamin D supplementation regardless of the dose and duration of supplementation. Our results suggest that only with simultaneous weight adjustment strategies, vitamin D sufficiency would be achieved more effectively.

Vitamin D supplementation in deficient children suffering from obesity.

Keywords: Adolescents, children, clinical trials, obesity, supplementation, vitamin D

Topic: obesity, adolescent, child, vitamin d, childhood obesity

Issue Section: Pediatrics

https://academic.oup.com/qjmed/article-abstract/113/Supplement_1/hcaa063.001/5829038

Predictive Factors For Nutritional Behavior Among Pregnant Women Attending Ante Natal Care Clinic In 6th Of October City

Predictive Factors For Nutritional Behavior Among Pregnant Women Attending Ante Natal Care Clinic In 6^th Of October City

D A Nasrallah, H S Ez-elarab, M F Allam, E A Sultan

QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, Volume 113, Issue Supplement_1, March 2020, hcaa048, https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcaa048

Published: 05 May 2020

Background. Good maternal nutrition during pregnancy is important to ensure health for the mother and the fetus. This study aimed to establish optimal health of Egyptian mothers and their babies through proper nutrition, by assessing nutritional knowledge and behavior among a group of Egyptian pregnant women in addition to identifying the factors influencing their nutritional knowledge and behavior.

Methods. This descriptive cross sectional study included 300 pregnant women attending the antenatal care clinics in 6^th of October University private hospital and EL-Hussary primary health care unit. The data was collected through a modified nutritional survey that was translated from Spanish to Arabic and revised by language experts for clarity.

Results. Almost all of the women attending the private hospital were university educated while about half of the women attending the PHC unit were graduated from technical education (skills diploma). In general, the level of knowledge about food requirements of both groups was satisfactory good; however, neither of them fulfilled the WHO recommendations of food intake during pregnancy or the optimum number of meals per day. The mean of random blood glucose was higher among the women attending the PHC unit; the BMI, mid arm circumference and subcutaneous fat were higher among the same group as well. In regard to fulfilling the WHO recommended servings per day, only starch and fat items were fulfilled by both groups, whereas the other three items (vegetables, fruits and dairy products) were merely included in the diets of both groups.

Conclusion. Women with higher education showed an active lifestyle with a lower BMI but showed no relation to the choice of a good and healthy diet. These findings could give an insight to the policy makers in order to update nutritional care programs for pregnant women addressing all aspects of sociodemographic differences among women.

Keywords: Pregnancy, Nutrition, Life-style behaviour, Eating habits, Antenatal care.

Issue Section: Family Medicine

https://epidemiologyandpreventivemedicine.blogspot.com/2020/05/vitamin-d-level-in-sample-of-egyptian.html

Vitamin D level in a sample of egyptian females in child bearing period attending a family medicine center

Vitamin D level in a sample of egyptian females in child bearing period attending a family medicine center

D M Abdelhamid, M F Allam, G Essamaldin, M E S Gerges

QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, Volume 113, Issue Supplement_1, March 2020, hcaa048.002, https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcaa048.002

Published: 05 May 2020

Abstract 

Background. Vitamin D deficiency is now recognized as a pandemic. It plays an important role in the development of bone health and possibly non-communicable diseases. The normal range of Vitamin D in the Arab countries is much lower than the international standards. Some Arab countries had made their own national studies to assess serum vitamin D level among women, yet in Egypt there is no national survey done, therefore we tried to assess serum vitamin D level among women during the child bearing period in Egypt and to investigate the factors affecting it.

Objective. To measure vitamin D level among a sample of females during the child-bearing period attending a family medicine center. To identify the factors affecting vitamin D level among studied females.

Patients and Methods. In the present study, we included 100 healthy adult females in their childbearing period who were attending a Family Medicine Center. The age of the included women ranged from minimum 19 years to maximum 49 years old with a mean age of 34 ± 8.47 years. We found that the majority of participants have deficiency and insufficiency of vitamin D level; 43% of the included women had vitamin D deficiency and 13% of the women had vitamin D insufficiency. In the present study, we sought to identify the factors affecting vitamin D level among studied females.

Results. The analysis showed that there was a statistically significance association between the employment status of the included women and vitamin D3 level groups; unemployed women were more likely to have vitamin D deficiency than employed women. In the present study, a statistically significance association was observed between the duration of sun exposure and vitamin D3 level groups. Participants who exposed to sun > 30 min/day were more likely to have sufficient vitamin D level. The results of the present study demonstrated that all participants who consume fish ≥3 times/week have sufficient vitamin D level. Therefore, there was a statistically significance association between a number of consuming fish/week and vitamin D3 level groups. The results of the present study also showed that there was statistically significant association between number of consumed milk cups/day and vitamin D3 level groups. All participants who drink 2 cups of milk have sufficient vitamin D level. In addition, we found no statistically significance association between using multivitamins and vitamin D3 level groups. Half of the participants who were using multivitamins had vitamin D insufficiency.

Conclusion. Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency are prevalent among Egyptian women in childbearing period. In addition, the unemployment, low milk and fish consumption, and infrequent sun exposure are significant risk factors for vitamin D deficiency. Therefore, for improving the health and productivity of women in childbearing period, a routine monitoring system for vitamin D and the other factors should be put in place. Nevertheless, future research on the role of multivitamins supplements and fish consumption in improving vitamin D nutrition is warranted.

Keywords: Vitamin D, Osteoporosis, Antimicrobial peptides.

Topic: Vitamin D deficiency, child, cholecalciferol, family medicine, vitamin D.  

Issue Section: Family Medicine

https://academic.oup.com/qjmed/article-abstract/113/Supplement_1/hcaa048.002/5829110?redirectedFrom=PDF

A Data Mining Approach to Investigate Food Groups related to Incidence of Bladder Cancer in the BLadder cancer Epidemiology and Nutritional Determinants International Study.

A Data Mining Approach to Investigate Food Groups related to Incidence of Bladder Cancer in the BLadder cancer Epidemiology and Nutritional Determinants International Study.

Yu EYW(1), Wesselius A(1), Sinhart C(2), Wolk A(3), Stern MC(4), Jiang X(4), Tang L(5), Marshall J(5), Kellen E(6), van den Brandt P(7), Lu CM(8), Pohlabeln H(9),  Steineck G(10), Allam MF(11), Karagas MR(12), La Vecchia C(13), Porru S(14)(15),  Carta A(15)(16), Golka K(17), Johnson KC(18), Benhamou S(19), Zhang ZF(20), Bosetti C(21), Taylor JA(22), Weiderpass E(23), Grant EJ(24), White E(25), Polesel J(26), Zeegers MPA(27)(28).

Author information:

(1)Department of Complex Genetics and Epidemiology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.

(2)DKE Scientific staff, Data Science & Knowledge Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering.

(3)Division of Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute,Stockholm, Sweden.

(4)Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

(5)Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA.

(6)Leuven University Centre for Cancer Prevention (LUCK), Leuven, Belgium.

(7)Department of Epidemiology, Schools for Oncology and Developmental Biology and Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.

(8)Department of Urology, Buddhist Dalin Tzu Chi General Hospital, Dalin Township 62247, Chiayi County, Taiwan.

(9)Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Bremen, Germany.

(10)Department of Oncology and Pathology, Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.

(11)Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.

(12)Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA.

(13)Department of Clinical Medicine and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.

(14)Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Occupational Health, University of Verona, Italy.

(15)University Research Center "Integrated Models for Prevention and Protection in Environmental and Occupational Health" MISTRAL, University of Verona, Milano Bicocca and Brescia, Italy.

(16)Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Italy.

(17)Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at TU Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany.

(18)Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.

(19)INSERM U946, Variabilite Genetique et Maladies Humaines, Fondation Jean Dausset/CEPH, Paris, France.

(20)Departments of Epidemiology, UCLA Center for Environmental Genomics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA.

(21)Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri-IRCCS, Milan, Italy.

(22)Epidemiology Branch, and Epigenetic and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.

(23)International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon, France.

(24)Department of Epidemiology Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, Japan.

(25)Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.

(26)Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Italy.

(27)CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary Care, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands.

(28)School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.

British Journal of Nutrition 2020 Apr 23:1-28. doi: 10.1017/S0007114520001439. [Epub ahead of print]

ABSTRACT 

At present, the analysis of diet and bladder cancer (BC) is mostly based on the intake of individual foods. The examination of food combinations provides a scope to deal with the complexity and unpredictability of the diet and aims to overcome the limitations of the study of nutrients and foods in isolation. This article aims to demonstrate the usability of supervised data mining methods to extract the food groups related to BC. In order to derive key food groups associated with BC risk, we applied the data mining technique C5.0 with 10-fold cross validation in the BLadder cancer Epidemiology and Nutritional Determinants (BLEND) study, including data from 18 case-control and 1 nested case-cohort study, compromising 8,320 BC cases out of 31,551 participants. Dietary data, on the 11 main food groups of the Eurocode 2 Core classification codebook and relevant non-diet data (i.e. sex, age and smoking status) were available. Primarily, five key food groups were extracted; in order of importance: beverages (non-milk); grains and grain products; vegetables and vegetable products; fats, oils and their products; meats and meat products were associated with BC risk. Since these food groups are corresponded with previously proposed BC related dietary factors, data mining seems to be a promising technique in the field of nutritional epidemiology and deserves further examination.

DOI: 10.1017/S0007114520001439

PMID: 32321598

British Journal of Nutrition 2020 Apr 23:1-28. doi: 10.1017/S0007114520001439.

https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/british-journal-of-nutrition/article/data-mining-approach-to-investigate-food-groups-related-to-incidence-of-bladder-cancer-in-the-bladder-cancer-epidemiology-and-nutritional-determinants-international-study/1CFF189D6C50D799B17F9706F60F003B

Vitamin D Predicament in Obese Children and Adolescents

Vitamin D Predicament in Obese Children and Adolescents

May Fouad Nassar (1) and Mohamed Farouk Allam (2)*

1. Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Egypt.

2. Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Egypt.

Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research 2020;25(1):18732-4.

DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2020.25.004130

Mini Review

ABSTRACT

Vitamin D levels are significantly lower in obese children and adolescents compared to non-obese matching peers. While evaluating the number of obese and non-obese cases who improved upon vitamin D supplement, obesity was found to pose a risk for not receiving benefit from the vitamin D supplementation. Vitamin D given to these vulnerable groups results in a significantly attenuated increase in 25(OH)D levels with supplementation. However, the proper dose and duration cannot be deduced because several of the studies reported a portion of vitamin D deficient obese children and adolescents at the end of their supplementation period. Screening for vitamin D levels is thus recommended since obese children and adolescents are more prone to be deficient. Additionally, the dose and duration of vitamin D supplementation or treatment should follow the guidelines. Finally, it is prudent to hypothesize that if the published studies had performed simultaneous weight adjustment strategies more of the enrolled obese participants would have reached vitamin D sufficiency by the end of the supplementation trial coupled with the favorable changes in their BMI.

Keywords: Adolescents; Supplementation; Vitamin D; Obesity; Dose

https://biomedres.us/pdfs/BJSTR.MS.ID.004130.pdf