Antiviral Drugs for Treatment of Human Monkeypox: A Systematic Review/Meta-analysis

Antiviral Drugs for Treatment of Human Monkeypox: A Systematic Review/Meta-analysis

 

Ahmed Mohamed Abdelghany (1), Fathy Fathy Ghaly (2), Mohamed Farouk Allam (1,3)

 

1. Department of Community, Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, October 6 University, Cairo, Egypt.

2. Menouf Fever Hospital, Menoufia, Egypt.

3. Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

 

Microbes, Infection and Chemotherapy 2024;4: e1963

 

DOI: 10.54034/mic.e1963

 

Abstract

Background. On 23 July 2022, the World Health Organization declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. Monkeypox is a zoonotic viral disease caused by the monkeypox virus that is transmitted from animals to humans or from human to human. To date, treatment for human monkeypox is mostly symptomatic, as there is no specific standard antiviral treatment. Persons with severe symptoms and signs, immunocompromised patients, children younger than 8 years, and pregnant individuals should be considered for specific antiviral treatment. Objective. This study aims to assess effectiveness of antiviral drugs in treatment of human monkeypox. Methodology. Published clinical trials and cohort studies on the role of antivirals in the management of human monkeypox that were identified through a comprehensive search of electronic databases up to April 1, 2023. The patients included were children and adults confirmed with monkeypox. The diagnosis was based on PCR or clinical symptoms. The intervention was antivirals administration in human monkeypox patients, versus supportive treatment/placebo. Outcome measured include the duration of monkeypox until recovery, need for hospitalization, and ICU admission. Results. We included four completed studies with 195 participants assessing the safety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of antiviral treatments for human monkeypox compared to placebo. Three studies investigated Tecovirimat (st-246), and one investigated Brincidofovir. Both drugs were safe, tolerable, and effective with no serious adverse effects. The other 5 studies were not completed and are ongoing. Conclusion. There are currently no approved antivirals for the treatment of monkeypox; some medications could be authorized for outbreak use and are now under investigation, such as Tecovirimat, Cidofovir, and Brincidofovir.

Key word: monkeypox, tecovirimat, cidofovir, brincidofovir, meta-analysis, systematic review.

Abdelghany AM, Ghaly FF, Allam MF. Antiviral Drugs for Treatment of Human Monkeypox: A Systematic Review/Metaanalysis. Microbes Infect Chemother. 2024;4: e1963

https://revistas.unheval.edu.pe/index.php/mic/article/view/1963 

Risk Factors of Vitamin D Insufficiency/Deficiency among a sample of Egyptian Females in Child Bearing Period

Risk Factors of Vitamin D Insufficiency/Deficiency among a sample of Egyptian Females in Child Bearing Period

 

Ghada Essam Aldin  (1,2), Maivel Emile Soby Gerges (1), Inas Abd El Rahim Ali (3), Diaa Marzok Abdel Hamid (1), Mohamed Farouk Allam (1,2)

 

1. Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

2. Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, October 6 University, Cairo, Egypt.

3. Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Misr University for Science and Technology MUST, Giza, Egypt.

 

Current Research in Public Health, 2024, 4, 867

 

DOI: 10.31586/crph.2024.867

 

Abstract:

 

Background: Vitamin D plays an important role in the development of bone health and possibly non-communicable diseases. Arab countries had made their own national studies to assess serum vitamin D level among women, yet in Egypt there is no national survey done. The aim of the current study was to identify risk factors affecting vitamin D level among Egyptian females during the child-bearing period. Subjects and methods: A total of 100 healthy adult females in their childbearing period who were attending a Family Medicine Center were included in our study. The age of the included women ranged from 19 to 49 years old with a mean age of 34 (SD 8.47) years. The majority of participants had deficiency (43%) and insufficiency (13%) of vitamin D level. Results: Unemployed women were more likely to have vitamin D deficiency than employed women (P<0.05). Participants who were exposed to sun ˃30 minutes/day were more likely to have sufficient vitamin D level (P<0.05). All participants who consume fish ≥3 times/week had sufficient vitamin D level. Therefore, there was a statistically significance association between a number of consuming fish/week and vitamin D3 level groups. Also, there was statistically significant association between number of consumed milk cups/day and vitamin D3 level groups. All participants who drink 2 cups of milk have sufficient vitamin D level. No statistically significance association was found between using multivitamins and vitamin D3 level groups. Conclusion: Unemployment, low fish consumption and infrequent sun exposure were significant risk factors for vitamin D deficiency. Future research on the role of multivitamins supplements in improving vitamin D nutrition is warranted.

 

Keywords: Vitamin D, Sun Exposure, Nutrition, Employment, Women, Egypt.

 

Essam Aldin Amin, G., Soby Gerges, M. E., Abd El Rahim Ali, I., Marzok Abdel Hamid, D., & Allam, M. F. (2024). Risk Factors of Vitamin D Insufficiency/Deficiency among a sample of Egyptian Females in Child Bearing Period. Current Research in Public Health, 4(1), 1-12.

 

https://www.scipublications.com/journal/index.php/CRPH/article/view/867

III CONGRESO INTERNACIONAL DE COMUNICACIÓN Y SALUD

III CONGRESO INTERNACIONAL DE COMUNICACIÓN Y SALUD

25 y 26 de abril de 2024

Facultad de Ciencias de la Información

Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)

 

https://eventos.ucm.es/110571/section/48293/iii-congreso-internacional-de-comunicacion-y-salud-cicys-2024.html

An Overview of Short- and Long-Term Adverse Outcomes and Complications of Perinatal Depression on Mother and Offspring

An Overview of Short- and Long-Term Adverse Outcomes and Complications of Perinatal Depression on Mother and Offspring

 

Wafaa Mohamed Korany (1), Diaa Marzouk Abd el-Hamid (1,2), Mohamed Farouk Allam (1,2)*

 

1. Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

2. Department of Community, Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

 

Universal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024;3:870.

 

DOI: 10.31586/ujog.2024.870

 

Abstract 

Antenatal and postpartum major depressive episode (MDE) according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5^th Edition (DSM-V) is defined as either daily sustained sad mood or lack of enjoyment or desire for a minimum two weeks plus four associated manifestations (only three if the two major symptoms are present) that start throughout pregnancy or during the first 4 weeks postpartum respectively: 1) Unintentional notable slimming up or down; 2) Sleepiness or sleeplessness; 3) Tiredness sensation; 4) Guilty or futility sensation; 5) Declined concentration capacity; 6) Frequent suicidal thoughts; 7) Psychomotor excitation or delay. Perinatal depression carries vital and adverse consequences on mother’s psychosocial aspects of life, pregnancy and delivery outcomes, her interrelations specifically with the new born with poorer overall health and influences negatively on offspring from the intrauterine life passing by complicated delivery experiencing hard unstable childhood reaching unhealthy adolescence and adulthood. These negative consequences necessitate a great attention for prevention, screening and prompt treatment for antenatal and postnatal depression to prevent such disastrous effects.

 

Keywords: Adverse Outcomes; Complications; Negative Impact; Perinatal Depression; Antepartum Depression; Mother; Foetus; Child.

 

Korany, W. M., Abd el-Hamid, D. M., & Allam, M. F. (2024). An Overview of Short- and Long-Term Adverse Outcomes and Complications of Perinatal Depression on Mother and Offspring. Universal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 3(1), 1–4.

 

https://www.scipublications.com/journal/index.php/ujog/article/view/870

Fractures Among Egyptian Males With Fragility Hip Fractures in the Emergency Room of Ain Shams University Hospitals

Fractures Among Egyptian Males With Fragility Hip Fractures in the Emergency Room of Ain Shams University Hospitals

Adel A. Abbas (1), Mohamed F. Allam (2), Hala S. Sweed (1), Samia A. Abdul-Rahman (1), Walaa W. Ali (1).

 

1) Geriatrics, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EGY. 2) Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, ESP. 3) Family Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EGY.

 

Cureus 15(12): e49960.

 

DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49960

 

Abstract

Background. Fragility fractures are linked to significant costs for society as well as significant pain and suffering, disability, and even death. It is well-recognized that osteoporosis-related fragility fractures raise the risk of subsequent fragility fractures. One of the most frequent osteoporotic fractures brought on by low bone mineral density and other risk factors is vertebral fractures. Considering that most vertebral fractures are asymptomatic and not clinically identified, proactive screening could stop additional impairment.

Objective. The current study aims to determine the prevalence and risk factors of hidden vertebral fractures in Egyptian males who have fragility hip fractures.

Patients and methods. A cross-sectional case-control study examining the correlation of risk factors between cases (fragility hip fracture and vertebral fractures) and a control group (fragility hip fracture without vertebral fracture) was carried out from September 2020 to September 2021 on patients visiting the orthopedic emergency department of a university hospital in Cairo, Egypt. Males who presented to the emergency room (ER) with fragility hip fractures and were 40 years of age or older met our inclusion criteria. For every patient who presented with a fragility hip fracture, standard lateral and anteroposterior radiographs of the dorso-lumbar spine were taken.

Results. A total of 43,935 patients visited the orthopedic emergency room (ER) throughout the study period; 13,034 of those patients were men, accounting for 29.7% of all orthopedic ER visits. Our inclusion criteria for fragility hip fractures were met by 132 male participants. The screening lumbosacral plain X-rays identified 27 (20.5%) of the 132 patients as having concomitant vertebral fractures in addition to the fragility hip fractures. Concomitant hidden vertebral fractures among Egyptian males with other fragility fractures, particularly fragility hip fractures, are predicted by the number of co-morbid diseases, hypertension, and continuous use of steroids and anti-epileptics.

Conclusion. Most fragility fractures are avoidable. Because one fragility fracture increases the likelihood of others, early detection is crucial. To prevent complications and mortality, it is important to identify and manage individuals who have a fragility hip fracture as they frequently have concurrent hidden vertebral fractures. Predictive risk factors for fragility vertebral fractures include hypertension, the number of concomitant illnesses, and chronic drugs (anti-epileptics and steroids).

 

Keywords: Ain Shams University, Egypt, Male, Vertebral Fracture, Hip Fracture, Osteoprosis, Fragility Fracture.

 

Abbas A A, Allam M F, Sweed H S, et al. (December 05, 2023) Proportion of Hidden Vertebral Fractures Among Egyptian Males With Fragility Hip Fractures in the Emergency Room of Ain Shams University Hospitals. Cureus 15(12): e49960. DOI 10.7759/cureus.49960

 

https://www.cureus.com/articles/207101-proportion-of-hidden-vertebral-fractures-among-egyptian-males-with-fragility-hip-fractures-in-the-emergency-room-of-ain-shams-university-hospitals?utm_medium=email&utm_source=transaction#!/