Breastfeeding of mothers attending the outpatient clinic of Reina Sofia University Hospital (Cordoba, Spain)

Breastfeeding of mothers attending the outpatient clinic of Reina Sofia University Hospital (Cordoba, Spain)

Mohamed Farouk Allam (1,2)
1. Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
2. Department of Community, Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine (July 2018) Vol. 72 (7), Page 4815-4820
DOI: 10.12816/ejhm.2018.10140

ABSTRACT
Background: Although the beneficial effects of breastfeeding are well-known, the prevalence of breastfeeding in many developed countries is quite low. Objective: The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of breastfeeding in the catchment area of Reina Sofia University Hospital of Cordoba (Spain). Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted for mothers attending the outpatient clinic of Reina Sofia University Hospital of Cordoba, for follow-up after 6 weeks of delivery. All mothers attending the outpatient clinic over 3 months accepted to participate in the study. Finally, we had a sample of 91 mothers. Study variables were age, educational level, gestational weeks, type of delivery, gender and weight of the new born, type of feeding for the baby over the first 6 weeks of his/her life, motives for abandoning breastfeeding, and motives for selecting the artificial formula. The information was collected through a previously validated interview questionnaire. Results: The mean age of the mothers was 31.8 (SD 3.13) years old. About 67% of mothers selected exclusive breastfeeding and 4.39% selected the combination of breastfeeding with the artificial formula. More than 28% of mothers selected the artificial formula. The reasons for selecting the artificial formula were own decision (46.15%), medical recommendation (11.53%), lack of breast milk (3.84%). The remaining 23.1% of mothers who selected the artificial formula refused to answer this question. Conclusions: Our results show that only two-third of mothers adopted breastfeeding in the first 6 weeks after delivery. Health education and promotion programmes for breastfeeding are urgently needed.

Keywords: Breastfeeding, Artificial Formula, Cross sectional, Cordoba, Spain.

The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine (July 2018) Vol. 72 (7), Page 4815-4820
http://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_10140.html

Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients: A Meta-analysis

Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients: A Meta-analysis

Howaida El Sayed Mansour (1), Mohamed Farouk Allam (2), Sherin Mohamed Hosny (1), Amira Ibrahim Abdu (1)
1. Departments of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, and 2. Department of Community, Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-shams University

The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine (July 2018) Vol. 72 (8), Page 5116-5121

DOI: 10.12816/EJHM.2018.10580

ABSTRACT
Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease with features of multisystem involvement, relapsing and remitting course. Gastrointestinal system affection is common in Lupus patients but coexistence of the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and SLE is rare. The coexistence of signs and symptoms of both diseases in the same patient represents a diagnostic challenge. Diagnoses of both diseases is difficult as both may share the same gastrointestinal features. Some of the therapies used in IBD may induce lupus. Aim of the study: To detect the presence of IBD in SLE patients. Methods: Only19 studies investigating the coexistence of IBD in SLE patients were published from January 2000 to March 2017 searching the Medline, PubMed, Ovid, Trip and Cochrane database. We excluded 16 studies (case reports) as they lacked the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. Only three studies were included in this systematic review. The prevalence/frequency and its 95% CI are included or estimated whenever possible. Results: Most of the studies that detected a statistical association between both diseases were case series and case control study that revealed the presence of IBD in some lupus patients. Criteria for the diagnosis of SLE cases and IBD cases were clearly explained in these studies, and same stratified results according to gender. The pooled results of all cases with SLE were (total 6665) showed that, there were IBD cases (total 79) associated with lupus with a frequency (95% CI) is 1.19% (0.96-1.48). Conclusion: The prevalence of IBD in SLE patients is rare however, the coexistence of both diseases in the same patient could occur.

Keywords: Systemic lupus erythematosus, inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn’s disease, Ulcerative colitis, coexistence, gastrointestinal symptoms.

The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine (July 2018) Vol. 72 (8), Page 5116-5121
http://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_10580.html

Decline of Tobacco Smoking Among Medical Specialists at A Spanish University Hospital

Decline of Tobacco Smoking Among Medical Specialists at A Spanish University Hospital

Alberto Molina Cabildo (1), Carmen Díaz Molina (1), Mohamed Farouk Allam (1,2)

1. Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
2. Department of Community, Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine (July 2018) Vol. 72 (6), Page 4697-4701

DOI: 10.12816/EJHM.2018.9843

ABSTRACT
Background: Several epidemiological studies have shown that the prevalence of tobacco smoking in the Spanish healthcare centres is relatively high. Objective: to assess the current situation of tobacco smoking among medical specialists of Reina Sofia University Hospital (Cordoba, Spain). As a secondary objective we intended to calculate the indirect costs of smoking among medical specialists during the working hours. Materials and Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study of the medical specialists of Reina Sofia University Hospital. Our survey was conducted using an interview questionnaire that included the following variables: age, sex, medical specialty, smoking habits, tobacco smoking during work hours, time spent on each cigarette, intention to quit smoking and the possibility to participate in a smoking cessation program. Results: A total of 143 medical specialists; 64 women and 79 men were interviewed. About 14% of participants were former smokers and 10.5% were current smokers, of whom 67% wanted to quit smoking. About 73% of smokers consumed tobacco during the working hours. Most of smokers consumed 2 cigarettes during the working hours. About 60% of smokers would use a permanent aid program to quit smoking. The hours lost by the smoking habits of medical specialists cause an annual loss of 143.512,96 euros. Conclusions: The study results show that currently there is an increasing awareness of health professionals about the harmful effects of smoking: former smokers have increased, and most of smokers want to quit. Also, they would use a permanent aid program to quit smoking.

Keywords: Prevalence, Tobacco, Medical specialist, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Cordoba, quit smoking.

The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine (July 2018) Vol. 72 (6), Page 4697-4701
http://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_9843.html

SITUACIÓN ACTUAL DEL TABAQUISMO ENTRE LOS FACULTATIVOS ESPECIALISTAS DE ÁREA DE UN HOSPITAL UNIVERSITARIO

RESUMEN

Objetivo: Conocer la situación actual ante el consumo del tabaco de los Facultativos Especialistas de Área (FEAs) del Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba. Como objetivo secundario pretendemos calcular el coste indirecto del hábito tabáquico en los FEAs durante la jornada laboral. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal en los FEAs del Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba. El estudio se realizó mediante una encuesta de preguntas cerradas para estudiar las siguientes variables: edad, sexo, especialidad, hábito tabáquico, consumo de tabaco en horario laboral, tiempo empleado en cada cigarrillo, intención de dejar el consumo de tabaco, y la posibilidad de participar en un programa de deshabituación tabáquica. Resultados: Se han entrevistado un total de 143 FEAs; 64 mujeres y 79 hombres. Hay un 14% de exfumadores y fumadores actuales un total del 10,5%, de los cuales el 67% quiere dejar el hábito. Un 73% de los fumadores lo hace durante el horario laboral, siendo la cantidad de 2 cigarrillos la más consumida. El 60% de los fumadores utilizarían un programa de ayuda permanente para dejar de fumar. Las horas perdidas por el hábito tabáquico de los FEAs supone una pérdida anual de 143.512,96 euros. Conclusiones: Los resultados del estudio demuestran que a día de hoy, existe una concienciación cada vez mayor por parte de la sociedad sobre los efectos nocivos del tabaco, ya que: han aumentado los exfumadores, la mayoría de los fumadores quieren dejarlo, y además, utilizarían el programa de deshabituación tabáquica.

Palabras claves: prevalencia, tabaco, FEAs, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía de Córdoba, deshabituación tabáquica. 

Relation between Vitamin D Deficiency and Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection

Relation between Vitamin D Deficiency and Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection: A Meta-analysis

Egyptian Journal of Paediatrics Vol. 34, No 3&4 (September & December), 285-295, 2017

DOI: 10.12816/0049355

Mohammed M. Farid*; Mohamed F. Allam**; Asmaa A. Ahmed* and Radwa M.K. Bedair*
Pediatrics* and Community Medicine** Departments Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University

ABSTRACT
Background: Acute lower respiratory infections (ALRTIs) are a leading cause of sickness and mortality both in children and adults worldwide. ALRTI includes tracheitits, bronchitis, bronchulitis and pneumonia. The most common cause of ALRTIs in children is the vital cause. 2ry bacterial infection may occur in different situations and according to children immunity. Risk factors affecting the severity, recurrence and response to treatment are different according to site of infection. One of the risk factors might be vitamin D deficiency and that why we did this study to summarize this relation.

Objective: The aim of our study is to summarize available data on vitamin D deficiency and its positive and negative effect on acute lower respiratory tract infections.

Subjects & Methods: We underwent a meta-analysis that including observational studies done on children between the age of 2 -14 years old with the symptoms of ALRTIs and vitamin D level was assessed. Our study included 8 studies in the systematic review and 7 were included in the meta-analysis with number of 1623 participants. The outcomes targeted were: (1) OR and 95% CI of Vitamin D levels in included studies. (2) Mean vitamin D levels in cases and controls. (3) Correlation
between vitamin D levels and incidence of recurrent ALRTI.

Results: The results of data collected after pooling in different ways found that vitamin D deficiency is associated with higher risk for ALRTI by calculating odds ratio, risk ratio and risk difference. Adding on, we found that Recurrent ALRTI is associated with lower serum vitamin D level by using standardized mean difference and mean difference.

Conclusion: Owing to these results, vitamin D deficiency has an association with ALRTIs. These results have to be proved by more studies including other age groups. Future, more focused, well conducted; adequately powered randomized control trials should be considered.

http://ejped.com/ojs/C:xampphtdocsojsfiles/journals/3/articles/12/submission/productionReady/12-25-39-1-11-20180814.pdf