Role of Colchicine in Management of COVID-19?

Role of Colchicine in Management of COVID-19? 

Kholoud Mohamed Elawady Elhefnawy Elshiwy (1), Ghada Essam El-Din Amin (1,2), Mohamed Nazmy (3), Rasha Samir (3), Mohamed Farouk Allam (1,4)*

 

1. Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

2. Department of Community, Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

3. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

4. Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Cordoba, Cordoba 14004, Spain

 

*Correspondence: farouk.allam@med.asu.edu.eg

 

DOI: 10.31586/gjeid.2022.177

 

Abstract:

 

CoV-2 disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has exerted a great burden on the health and economic systems worldwide. One of the most important factors that affect the severity and prognosis of COVID-19 is the occurrence of hyperstimulation of the immune system resulting in “cytokine storm”. Similar to SARS-CoV, an intracellular complex called nod like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome was found to be activated by SARS-CoV-2, then in turn stimulates several interleukins and initiates the inflammatory cascade. In addition, other inflammatory mediators such as interferons e.g., IFN-α, and IFN-γ, interleukins e.g., IL-1β, IL-12, IL-18, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF- α), and chemokines e.g., CCL2, CXCL10 have been reported in severely ill patients. These mediators represent the corner stone in developing cytokine storm that results in uncontrolled systemic inflammatory reaction with subsequent acute respira[1]tory distress syndrome (ARDS), multiple organ failure and eventually death. Based on its an[1]ti-inflammatory effects, colchicine has also gained attention to be utilized in the management of COVID-19 patient. Colchicine exerts its anti-inflammatory effect through inhibition of formation of microtubules which is considered an essential step in several cellular processes such as division, signalling, and migration. Also, colchicine affects the cytokine cascade by inhibiting IL-1β leading to reduction in neutrophils recruitment, free radicles production and inflammasome stimulation. This raises the concerns about the effectiveness of colchicine in COVID-19 treatment and the pos[1]sibility of providing an improvement of the clinical course of the disease.

 

Keywords: Coronavirus, COVID-19, Colchicine, Management, Review

 

Global Journal of Epidemiology and Infectious Disease, 2022, 1, 1-3

 

https://www.scipublications.com/journal/index.php/gjeid/article/view/177

The Link between Vitamin D and SARS-COV-2

The Link between Vitamin D and SARS-COV-2

 

Bahaa El-Din LM (a), Amin GE (a,b), Samir R (c), Nazmy M (c) and Allam MF (a,d*)

a. Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

b. Department of Community, Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

c. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

d. Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cordoba, Cordoba 14004, Spain

 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.36266/JPDRM/107

 

Abstract

 

Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that crosses through membranes and binds to a specific receptor; the Vitamin D receptor (VDR). It is becoming clearer that microbes decelerate immune reactivity by dysregulating the VDR ultimately to increase their chance of survival, and that is why Immune[1]modulatory therapies that enhance VDR expression and activity are considered in the clinic today to a greater extent. Recent studies found that vitamin D supplementation reduced the risk of acute respiratory infection. It has been shown that vitamin D triggers innate cellular immunity, through the production of antimicrobial peptides, such as cathelicidins, IL-37, and defensins. It also hinders the cytokine storm, decreasing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IFNγ and TNFα. The SARS-COV-2 outbreak rapidly spread across the world and it has spurred a global effort to tackle the disease and to establish risk factors and prognostic markers like for example serum vitamin D. Over the past months, the evidence continued to grow and there’s more publications in peer-reviewed medical journals about the possible connection between vitamin D and SARS-COV-2. Literature about the correlation of vitamin D status in the context of clinical outcomes of SARS-COV-2 infection is limited. Further studies are needed to explore possible associations between Vitamin D status and disease severity and survival in SARS-COV-2 patients.

 

Keywords: Vitamin D; COVID-19; SARS-COV-2; Vitamin D receptor; IFNγ; TNFα.

 

Journal of Pulmonary Disease and Respiratory Medicine 2021;1(2):1-2.

 

https://www.pubtexto.com/journals/journal-of-pulmonary-diseases-and-respiratory-medicine/fulltext/the-link-between-vitamin-d-and-sarscov2

Comparison of hemoglobin level and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio as prognostic markers in patients with COVID-19

 

Shaimaa Hani Fouad (1), Mohamed Farouk Allam (2), Sara Ibrahim Taha (3), Ahmed Ashraf Okba (4), Amr Hosny (5), Mayada Moneer (1) and Sylvia Wefky Roman (1)

 

1. Departments of Internal Medicine and Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

2. Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

3. Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

4. Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

5. Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

 

Journal of International Medical Research 2021;49(7):1-15.

 

DOI: 10.1177/03000605211030124

 

Abstract

Background. Anemia can negatively affect the outcome of many diseases, including infections and inflammatory conditions.

Aim. To compare the prognostic value of hemoglobin level and the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) for prediction of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity.

Methods. In this retrospective cohort study, clinical data from patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 were collected from hospital records from 10 April 2020 to 30 July 2020.

Results. The proportions of patients with mild, moderate, and severe COVID-19 differed significantly in association with hemoglobin levels, neutrophil counts, lymphocyte counts, NLR, and total leukocyte counts. Patients with severe COVID-19 had significantly lower hemoglobin levels than those with moderate or mild COVID-19. There were statistically significant negative associations between hemoglobin and D-dimer, age, and creatinine. The optimal hemoglobin cut-off value for prediction of disease severity was 11.6 g/dL. Using this cut-off value, hemoglobin had higher negative predictive value and sensitivity than NLR (92.4% and 51.3%, respectively). The specificity of hemoglobin as a prognostic marker was 79.3%.

Conclusion. Both NLR and hemoglobin level are of prognostic value for predicting severity of COVID-19. However, hemoglobin level displayed higher sensitivity than NLR. Hemoglobin level should be assessed upon admission in all patients and closely monitored throughout the disease course.

 

Keywords. Coronavirus disease 2019, hospital, anemia, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, patient stratification, hemoglobin, intensive care unit, severity.

 

Journal of International Medical Research 2021;49(7):1-15.

 

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/03000605211030124

Prevalence and predictive factors for exclusive breastfeeding in the first 6 months among mothers attending Primary Health Care Centers in Cairo, Egypt

Prevalence and predictive factors for exclusive breastfeeding in the first 6 months among mothers attending Primary Health Care Centers in Cairo, Egypt

 

Zeinab Abdelhay Emara (1), Ghada Essam Eldin Amin (2), Diaa Marzouk Abdel Hamid (2), Mohamed Farouk Allam (2)

 

1. Pediatrics Specialist, International Lactation Consultant and Family Physician in Primary Health Care MOHAP Dubai, United Arab Emirates.

2. Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

 

European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine 2021;19(2):145–152.

 

DOI: 10.15584/ ejcem.2021.2.5

 

Abstract

 

Introduction. Although most organizations recommend breastfeeding for at least one year due to its well-known beneficial effects, the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding in many developing countries was quite low.

Aim. To identify prevalence and predictive factors affecting exclusive breastfeeding in Primary Healthcare (PHC) Centers in Cairo, Egypt.

Material and methods. A cross-sectional study, among mothers attended first six months immunization sessions in three PHC Centers were selected via a convenient sample, A total sample of 180 mothers, 60 from each PHC Center, were subjected to an interview questionnaire. The questionnaire used was previously validated and pre-tested. Data collection took the period from April to August 2019. Comparison between exclusive and nonexclusive breastfeeding according to possible risk factors was done.

Results. The frequency of breastfeeding among the participants was 90.6%; however the total exclusive breastfeeding frequency was only 39.4%. Our logistic regression model showed that exclusive breastfeeding decreased with progressive increase in infant’s age (OR 0.74), and mothers with good knowledge about proper practice of breastfeeding adhered more to exclusive breastfeeding (OR 2.51). Also, it showed that, during working hours, mothers who fed their infants other than breast milk adhered less to exclusive breastfeeding (OR 0.19).

Conclusion. The prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding is quite low. The predictive factors for exclusive breastfeeding are, younger infant’s age, good knowledge of the mothers about proper practice of breastfeeding, and mothers insisting on breastfeeding during working hours.

 

Keywords. breastfeeding, cross sectional, infants formula, primary healthcare, risk factors.

 

European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine 2021;19(2):145–152.

 

http://www.ejcem.ur.edu.pl/summary/prevalence-and-predictive-factors-exclusive-breastfeeding-first-6-months-among-mothers

Attitudes, beliefs and practice of Egyptian healthcare workers towards seasonal influenza vaccination

Attitudes, beliefs and practice of Egyptian healthcare workers towards seasonal influenza vaccination
 
Sally Adel Hakim (1), Wagdy Amin (2), Mohamed Farouk Allam (1,3), Asmaa M. Fathy (4), Amira Mohsen (5)
 
1. Department of Community, Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
2. Ministry of Health and Population, Chest Directorate, National Tuberculosis Control Program, Cairo, Egypt.
3. Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
4. Community Medicine Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.
5. World Health Organization Country Office, Cairo, Egypt.

Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 2021;00:1-11 [First Published:  11 June 2021].
 
DOI: 10.1111/irv.12868
 
Abstract
 
Background: Seasonal influenza vaccination is highly recommended for healthcare workers (HCWs) every year to protect them and reduce the risk of disease transmission at workplaces. Relatively few studies addressed influenza vaccination in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Objectives: The main objective of this study was to explore the attitudes, beliefs and practice of Egyptian HCWs towards seasonal influenza vaccine. Methods: This is a nationwide cross-sectional study. Data were collected through self-administered structured questionnaire. A sample of 3534 HCWs (physicians and nurses) was collected from different levels of healthcare facilities. Results: The proportion of seasonal influenza vaccine uptake during the last season was 30.7% while the percentage of ever vaccinated was 46.8%. The most identified reason for non-compliance was lack of trust about vaccine efficacy and its adverse events. Around 80% of participants expressed positive attitude towards influenza vaccine and the vast majority (98%) agreed to uptake the vaccine during pandemic. There was significant positive association between attitude score and influenza vaccine uptake. Raising awareness about vaccine and ensuring vaccine availability were the main suggestions by HCWs to improve vaccine uptake. Conclusions: Although there was positive attitude towards influenza vaccine, yet vaccination coverage was suboptimal particularly among those working in university hospitals. Educational messages and operational strategies addressing motivators and barriers that emerged from this study are needed to optimize vaccine uptake.
 
KEYWORDS: attitude, belief, cross sectional study, Egypt, healthcare workers, influenza vaccination, practice.
 
Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 2021;00:1-11 [First Published:  11 June 2021].
 
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/irv.12868

Validity and feasibility of the self-assessment vitiligo extent score among Egyptian patients

Validity and feasibility of the self-assessment vitiligo extent score among Egyptian patients
 
Marwa Abdallah (1), Ahmed Nassar (1), Miriam Samir (1), Abd-Elrahman Reda (1), Aya Hassan (1), Moahmed F. Allam (2), Rania Mahmoud Elhusseiny (1)
 
1. Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University Hospital, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt.
2. Depatment of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University Hospital, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt.
 
Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology [Epub ahead of print: 2021-05-31]
 
DOI: 10.25259/IJDVL_498_20
 
Vitiligo extent score is one of the reliable instruments recently validated and used by physicians to assess the extent of non-segmental vitiligo. However, according to the World Health Organization, if the patients themselves could score the extent of their vitiligo, it could bring about the participation of the patients in assessing the prognosis of their disease. Self-assessment vitiligo extent score was previously validated in patients with fairer skin types allowing them to score their vitiligo extent in an easy way.
Further validation of the self-assessment vitiligo extent score on a different ethnic population (Middle East/North African), darker skin types with various cultural and educational levels would add to the generalisability of the new scoring system.
Our study showed that self-assessment vitiligo extent score demonstrated excellent feasibility and validity (highly significant correlation with vitiligo extent score) in an Egyptian patient population.
 
Keywords: Extent; feasibility; self-assessment; VES; SA-VES; vitiligo.
 
Abdallah M, Nassar A, Samir M, Reda A, Hassan A, Allam MF, et al. Validity and feasibility of the self-assessment vitiligo extent score among Egyptian patients. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol doi: 10.25259/IJDVL_498_20
 
https://ijdvl.com/validity-and-feasibility-of-the-self-assessment-vitiligo-extent-score-among-egyptian-patients/

Is There a Benefit of Vitamin D Supplementation in Deficient Children and Adolescents Suffering from Obesity? A Meta-Analysis

Is There a Benefit of Vitamin D Supplementation in Deficient Children and Adolescents Suffering from Obesity? A Meta-Analysis

 

May Fouad Nassar (1), Ehab Khairy Emam (1), Mohamed Farouk Allam (2)

1. Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

2. Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

 

Global Pediatric Health 2021;8:1-7 (First Published May 27, 2021)

DOI: 10.1177/2333794X211018352

 

Abstract

This systematic review/meta-analysis aims to highlight the effect of vitamin D supplementation in deficient children suffering from obesity. Published clinical studies on vitamin D supplementation in obese children and adolescents with vitamin D deficiency were identified through a comprehensive MEDLINE/PubMed search (from July 1966 to November 2017). Outcomes intended after vitamin D supplementation were improvements in vitamin D status, BMI alterations and appetite changes. The inclusion criteria were children aged 2 to 18 years of both sexes in clinical trials that specified the oral and/or intramuscular dose of vitamin D supplementation. Ten studies were retrieved, but only 6 were relevant. First, supplemented obese children and adolescents were compared to non[1]obese controls; thereafter, supplemented obese children and adolescents were compared to matching obese peers given placebo. Pooled risks from the 2 studies that evaluated the number of obese and non-obese children and adolescents who improved upon vitamin D supplementation revealed that obesity poses a risk for not benefiting from the vitamin D supplementation regardless of the dose and the duration of supplementation. Pooled results from the 6 retrieved studies that compared supplemented obese children and adolescents to matching non-obese or obese peers given placebo revealed significantly lower vitamin D levels in obese participants than in non-obese peers. Vitamin D levels are significantly lower in obese children and adolescents with obesity, posing a risk for not benefiting from vitamin D supplementation regardless of the dose and duration of supplementation.

 

Keywords: adolescents, children, clinical trials, obesity, supplementation, vitamin D.

 

Global Pediatric Health 2021;8:1-7 (First Published May 27, 2021)

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2333794X211018352 

Effect of COVID-19 Lockdown on Young Egyptian Soccer Players

Effect of COVID-19 Lockdown on Young Egyptian Soccer Players
 
May Fouad Nassar (1), Mohamed Farouk Allam (2), Mennatallah Osama Shata (1).
1. Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
2. Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
 
Global Pediatric Health [First Published May 8, 2021].
 
DOI: 10.1177/2333794X211012980
 
Abstract
The present study was designed to highlight the physical and psychological health hazards that a young Egyptian soccer team faced during the first COVID-19 wave lockdown. The study included 37 young Egyptian male soccer players. History taking and anthropometric measurements were taken. Two questionnaires were filled covering the athletes’` sleep habits and quality of life (QoL). Finally, the mothers were asked to fill in a questionnaire concerned with depression, anxiety, and stress. More than 50% of the enrolled athletes gained weight during the lockdown especially those without compliance to home exercises. The mothers’ anxiety score correlated positively with the increased body mass index (BMI) of the athletes. The athletes mean QoL Score worsened significantly and significant negative correlation was found between the increased BMI and the change of QoL. The increased BMI was significantly reported among the athletes who didn’t do home exercises and had a negative correlation with their QoL change throughout the lockdown. The mothers’ anxiety had a possible reflection on their youngsters’ weight gain. These findings highlight the need for weight control when outdoors physical activity is restricted during pandemics with better compliance to home exercising schedules and less screen time.
 
Keywords: athletes, BMI, COVID-19, depression, pandemic, quality of life.
 
Global Pediatric Health [First Published May 8, 2021].
 
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2333794X211012980

ICU admission of COVID-19 patients: Identification of risk factors

ICU admission of COVID-19 patients: Identification of risk factors

Shaimaa H Fouad (1), Mohamed Farouk Allam (2), Sara Ibrahim (3), Ahmed Ashraf Okba (4), Sylvia W Roman (1), Amr Hosny (5) & Mayada Moneer (1)

 

1. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

2. Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

3. Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

4. Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

5. Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

 

Egyptian Journal of Anaesthesia 2021;37(1):202-207.

 

DOI: 10.1080/11101849.2021.191943

 

ABSTRACT

 

Background. The WHO has declared COVID-19 as a global pandemic with a rapidly increasing number of patients at a rate exceeding the limits of health-care resources. Some people seem to be at higher risk of worse prognosis and increased mortality. Identifying these vulnerable groups is a necessity.

 

Aim of study. To identify the risk factors associated with ICU admission in COVID-19 patients.

 

Methodology. We present a retrospective study where the clinical data of patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infection were collected from Ain-Shams University Isolation-Hospital records on admission from 10 April 2020 to 30 July 2020 to identify risk factors in patients requiring ICU admission during hospital stay.

 

Results. Of 323 subjects diagnosed by the RT-PCR as positive COVID-19, 62 (19.2%) of which were admitted at the ICU. The mean age of the subjects was 46.6 ± 16 years. Significant morbidities were associated with higher age groups (p value 0.000), smokers (p value 0.004), Cairo-residents (p value 0.009), being a health-care provider (p value 0.001) and hypertensive patients (p value 0.000).

 

Conclusions. Elderly, smokers, diabetic and hypertensive need further attention during disease course. Our results call for further investigations of risk factors for COVID-19 severity; preferably on large prospective cohorts, to increase their validity.

 

KEYWORDS: COVID-19; patient stratification; prognosis; hospital; ICU; severity; risk factors; COVID-19 vaccinations.

 

Egyptian Journal of Anaesthesia, 2021;37(1):202-207.

 

DOI: 10.1080/11101849.2021.191943

 

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/11101849.2021.1919433?needAccess=true

Screening and early detection of chronic kidney disease at primary healthcare

Screening and early detection of chronic kidney disease at primary healthcare

Silvana Nader Nagib (1), Saeed Abdelwahab (2), Ghada Essam El-Din Amin (3), Mohamed Farouk Allam (1)

1. Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

2. Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

3. Department of Community, Environment and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

Clinical and Experimental Hypertension 2021 Mar 17;1-3. Online ahead of print. 

DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2021.1896726

 

ABSTRACT 

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents a global public health concern and results in poor health outcomes. While the burden of CKD is accurately well defined in developed countries, increasing evidence indicates that the CKD burden may be even greater in developing countries. Primary care has an essential role in the early identification of CKD and the prompt integrated management between primary and secondary CKD care, with participation of the patient, should be done in high quality. Systematic screening for CKD in at-risk individuals is strongly indicated for timely intervention when needed and to perceive the impact of such policies on CKD incidence. Furthermore, failure to recognize a patient in stages 1–3 of CKD may result in high incidence of CKD complications and kidney failure, often leaving the patient unsuitable for different renal replacement therapies, such as dialysis and transplantation. Therefore, primary care early referral and consultation with a nephrologist can give a better chance for different dialysis procedures and minimize the rate of hospitalization and mortality.

 

Keywords: Screening, Health Programmes, Chronic Kidney Disease, Primary Healthcare Centers. 

Clinical and Experimental Hypertension 2021 Mar 17;1-3. 

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10641963.2021.1896726

Awareness and attitude of healthcare workers towards Telehealth in Cairo, Egypt

Awareness and attitude of healthcare workers towards Telehealth in Cairo, Egypt

 

Sara Shouman (1), Tamer Emara (2), Heba Gamal Saber (3), Mohamed Farouk Allam (1)

 

1. Faculty of Medicine, Family Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

2. Faculty of Medicine, Neurology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

3. Faculty of Medicine, Geriatrics and Gerontology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

 

International Journal of Clinical Practice 2021 Mar 2;e14128. Online ahead of print.

First published: 02 March 2021

 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcp.14128

 

Abstract

Background: Telehealth is delivering health care services remote from health-care facilities using telecommunications. Egypt is aiming for Universal Health Coverage; this increases the demand for telehealth in routine health services.

Objective: To measure the awareness of telehealth health care workers of primary health care units and to evaluate the effect of an orientation programme on primary health care workers' awareness and acceptance of the application of telehealth.

Methodology: This was an intervention study amongst health care workers. A self-administrated valid questionnaire for health care workers was designed, the questionnaire consists of different domains of knowledge in addition to advantages, disadvantages, security and necessity perceptions. Each domain consists of Likert scale questions of 5 points. The questions were scored as the worst answer (1) and the best (5). A total of 109 questionnaires were filled by participants who spent at least 6 months in primary health care units. Then the health care workers attended an orientation programme and the questionnaire was re-filled once more. A total of 104 was recollected. Ethical issues were considered.

Results: 50.5% of the health care workers were aware of telehealth; 66.7% of health care workers with master's degree were aware of telehealth in comparison to 31.8% amongst those with a diploma, 64.3% of physicians were aware of telehealth, while 9.6% of nurses were aware. The score of knowledge and attitude increased from 130 ± 23.538 to 156.49 ± 18.456 after the educational programme.

Conclusion: Half of the health care workers were aware of telehealth; the orientation improved the Healthcare Workers' knowledge and attitude.

 

Key Words: Telehealth, Primary Health Centers, Health Care Workers.

International Journal of Clinical Practice 2021 Mar 2;e14128. Online ahead of print.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/ijcp.14128

Chronic Kidney Disease Among Hypertensive Patients: Need for Screening Programmes

Chronic Kidney Disease Among Hypertensive Patients: Need for Screening Programmes

 

Silvana Nader Nagib (1), Saeed Abdelwahab (2), Ghada Essam El Din Amin (3) and Mohamed Farouk Allam (1)*

 

1. Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University.  

2. Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University.

3. Department of Community, Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University.

 

American Jounral of Biomedical Science & Research 2021 - 11(4). AJBSR.MS.ID.001656.

 

DOI: 10.34297/AJBSR.2021.11.001656

 

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a high morbidity and mortality rates and costs a lot of money including health care, haemodialysis costs and management of complications of CKD. Patients with more progressive stages 3 and 4 CKD experience a high incidence of cardiovascular events and death compared with stages 1 and 2 of CKD. According to the Global Burden of Disease Study conducted in 2010, CKD became the 18th place on a list of the greatest causes of deaths in the world, with an annual mortality rate of 16.3 per 100,000 people. Due to the high prevalence of diabetes, hypertension and coronary artery disease, CKD became world widespread. In alignment with the presence of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, the prevalence of hypertensive nephropathy prevalence is 7.75%. Unfortunately, the number of patients started to develop end stage renal disease because of hypertension is exceeding. Hypertension-induced renal damage includes the systemic blood pressure load, the degree of renal microvasculature affection, and local susceptibility factors to barotrauma, all of which are affected by the degrees of hypertension. Therefore, in developing countries, screening programmes are extremely needed to detect the early stages of CKD among hypertensive diabetics and non-diabetic patients attending primary healthcare centres.

 

Keywords: Screening, Health Programmes, Chronic Kidney Disease, Hypertension, Primary healthcare centres.

 

American Jounral of Biomedical Science & Research 2021 - 11(4). AJBSR.MS.ID.001656.

 

https://biomedgrid.com/pdf/AJBSR.MS.ID.001656.pdf