miércoles, 23 de febrero de 2022
Melatonin could be used for Treatment of COVID-19?
Melatonin could be used for
Treatment of COVID-19?
Rehab Mohamed Ali Mohamed (1),
Ghada Essam El-Din Amin (1,2), Salwa Mostafa Mohammad Abdel Rahman (1,3),
Mohamed Farouk Allam (1,4)*
1. Department of Family
Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
2. Department of Community,
Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams
University, Cairo, Egypt
3. Department of
Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Management, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams
Univer[1]sity, Cairo, Egypt
4. Department of Preventive
Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Cordoba, Cordoba
14004, Spain
*Correspondence: farouk.allam@med.asu.edu.eg
Coronaviruses (CoVs) are a
broad family of potentially serious RNA viruses that are now causing an
outbreak of respiratory disease known as CoV disease 2019 (COVID-19). Melatonin
is a pineal hormone that is predominantly produced and released at night from the
amino acid trypto[1]phan. Melatonin and its
metabolites are also important in immunomodulation, and they have anti[1]oxidative properties due
to their capacity to scavenge reactive oxygen species both directly and in[1]directly. COVID-19 leads
to changes of altered consciousness levels in about 15% of hospitalized
patients, starting from somnolence to disorientation, delirium, stupor, and
coma. Melatonin can de[1]crease the molecules
that cause delirium in the elderly and central respiratory depression, such as
benzodiazepines and antipsychotics. Melatonin may help alleviate
infection-induced acute respira[1]tory distress as well as
its diverse effects, which include anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and im[1]mune-enhancing
properties. Its supplemental dose may be able to prevent SARS-COV-2 infections
by reversing aerobic glycolysis via suppression of both HIF-1 and mTOR,
allowing pyruvate dehy[1]drogenase complex
activity to be suppressed and acetyl-coenzyme A to be produced. When mito[1]chondrion-produced and
parenteral melatonin are combined, the cytokine storm is reduced, and COVID-19
infection-induced damage is alleviated. In conclusion, melatonin could have an
im[1]portant role in the
management of COVID-19.
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