Normal Vitamin D Levels

Normal Vitamin D Levels

Maivel Emile Soby Gerges, Ghada Essam Aldin, Diaa Marzouk Abdel Hamid and Mohamed Farouk Allam*

Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Egypt

*Corresponding author: Mohamed Farouk Allam, Environmental and Occupational Med icine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, Email: farouk.allam@med.asu.edu.eg

Public H Open Acc 2019, 3(2): 000138.
DOI: 10.23880/phoa-16000138

Mini Review

ABSTRACT
Vitamin D deficiency is a common public-health problem. Deficiency is more common in women than men, and the childbearing period is known to represent a particularly high-risk situation. High rates of poor vitamin D status are found among women during the childbearing period throughout the world. Women at reproductive age are a group that can be susceptible at earlier age for vitamin D deficiency and its complications as increase the risk of osteopenia, osteoporosis, muscle weakness, osteomalacia and pathological fractures and can worsen other chronic conditions, such as the polycystic ovary syndrome; it is also a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome, some types of cancers and some autoimmune diseases. Several studies have identified a surprisingly high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in all age groups such as in Europe after 14 population study, United States, Canada and Australia. Despite reported prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency depend on the cut-off values used that vary between studies, an estimated 1 billion people worldwide have vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency or hypovitaminosis D. National surveys should be conducted in every country to determine normal levels of vitamin D in that country and the need for national screening programs for vitamin D deficiency.

Keywords: Vitamin D; Screening; Survey.

https://medwinpublishers.com/PHOA/PHOA16000138.pdf

The association between coffee consumption and bladder cancer in the bladder cancer epidemiology and nutritional determinants (BLEND) international pooled study

The association between coffee consumption and bladder cancer in the bladder cancer epidemiology and nutritional determinants (BLEND) international pooled study

Yu EY(1)(2), Wesselius A(3), van Osch F(3)(4), Stern MC(5), Jiang X(5), Kellen E(6), Lu CM(7), Pohlabeln H(8), Steineck G(9), Marshall J(10), Allam MF(11), La Vecchia C(12), Johnson KC(13), Benhamou S(14), Zhang ZF(15), Bosetti C(16), Taylor JA(17), Zeegers MP(3)(18).

Author information:

(1)NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, University of Maastricht, Universiteitssingel 40 (Room C5.564), 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands. evan.yu@maastrichtuniversity.nl.

(2)CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary Care, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands. evan.yu@maastrichtuniversity.nl.

(3)NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, University of Maastricht, Universiteitssingel 40 (Room C5.564), 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands.

(4)Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.

(5)Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

(6)Leuven University Centre for Cancer Prevention (LUCK), Louvain, Belgium.

(7)Department of Urology, Buddhist Dalin Tzu Chi General Hospital, Dalin Township, Chiayi County, Taiwan.

(8)Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Bremen, Germany.

(9)Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.

(10)Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA.

(11)Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Section of Public Health and Human Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.

(12)Department of Clinical Medicine and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.

(13)Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.

(14)INSERM U946, Variabilite Genetique et Maladies Humaines, Fondation Jean Dausset/CEPH, Paris, France.

(15)Departments of Epidemiology, UCLA Center for Environmental Genomics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA.

(16)Laboratory of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri" IRCCS, Milan, Italy.

(17)Epidemiology Branch and Epigenetic and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.

(18)CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary Care, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands.

Cancer Causes Control. 2019 May 30. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 31147895.

doi: 10.1007/s10552-019-01191-1.

BACKGROUND: Inconsistent results for coffee consumption and bladder cancer (BC) risk have been shown in epidemiological studies. This research aims to increase the understanding of the association between coffee consumption and BC risk by bringing together worldwide case-control studies on this topic.

METHODS: Data were collected from 13 case-control comprising of 5,911 cases and 16,172 controls. Pooled multivariate odds ratios (ORs), with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs), were obtained using multilevel logistic regression models. Furthermore, linear dose-response relationships were examined using fractional polynomial models.

RESULTS: No association of BC risk was observed with coffee consumption among smokers. However, after adjustment for age, gender, and smoking, the risk was significantly increased for never smokers (ever vs. never coffee consumers: ORmodel2 1.30, 95% CI 1.06-1.59; heavy (> 4 cups/day) coffee consumers vs. never coffee consumers: ORmodel2 1.52, 95% CI 1.18-1.97, p trend = 0.23). In addition, dose-response analyses, in both the overall population and among never smokers, also showed a significant increased BC risk for coffee consumption of more than four cups per day. Among smokers, a significant increased BC risk was shown only after consumption of more than six cups per day.

CONCLUSION: This research suggests that positive associations between coffee consumption and BC among never smokers but not smokers.

Cancer Causes Control. 2019 May 30. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 31147895.

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10552-019-01191-1

EFFECT OF VITAMIN D SUPPLEMENTATION ON MUSCLE FUNCTION IN ELDERLY INDIVIDUALS: A META-ANALYSIS

EFFECT OF VITAMIN D SUPPLEMENTATION ON MUSCLE FUNCTION IN ELDERLY INDIVIDUALS: A META-ANALYSIS

Tomader Taha Abdel Rahman (1), Mohamed Shawky Khater (1), Mohamad Farouk Allam (2)

1 Geriatric Medicine & Gerontology department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
2 Department of Community, Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University.

Egyptian Journal of Geriatrics and Gerontology 2018; 5(2): 32-40.

DOI: 10.21608/ejgg.2018.30912

ABSTRACT 

Background: Sarcopenia (the loss of muscle mass and strength) has estimated prevalence rates of 5-13% and 11-50% in the young-old and old-old, respectively. Recent studies have shown that vitamin D plays important roles in various systems, including the musculoskeletal system. Objective:
The aim of this meta-analysis was to determine the effects of vitamin D supplementation on muscle function in community‐dwelling elderly individuals.

Methods: We conducted systematic searches of PubMed, Medline, Egyptian Knowledge Bank, and the reference sections of previous reviews, and we discussed the topic with several experts in the field. Only randomized controlled trials that evaluated the effect of vitamin D supplementation on muscle function [muscle strength was evaluated by the hand grip strength (HGS) test, and physical performance was evaluated by the timed up-and-go (TUG) test] were included. Only studies published in English between January 2000 and June 2018 were considered.

Results: In total, 14 randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) met our inclusion criteria. The participants in these studies were all community-dwelling elderly individuals, who were generally in good health for their age. The pooled mean difference in HGS was higher in the vitamin D supplementation group than in the control group. The pooled mean difference in the TUG test was slightly lower in the vitamin D supplementation group than in the control group.

Conclusions: Our meta-analysis shows that vitamin D supplementation could improve muscle function in elderly individuals. Future studies should use standardized durations and doses of vitamin D supplementation.

Keywords: Vitamin D supplementation, Sarcopenia, Muscle function, Meta-analysis, Randomized controlled clinical trials, Systematic review.

Egyptian Journal of Geriatrics and Gerontology Volume 5, Issue 2, October 2018, Page 32-40.
https://ejgg.journals.ekb.eg/article_30912.html 

COMPARISON BETWEEN ANTRAL RESECTION IN LAPAROSCOPIC SLEEVE GASTRECTOMY AND CLASSICAL LAPAROSCOPIC SLEEVE GASTRECTOMY

COMPARISON BETWEEN ANTRAL RESECTION IN LAPAROSCOPIC SLEEVE GASTRECTOMY AND CLASSICAL LAPAROSCOPIC SLEEVE GASTRECTOMY

Ahmed Helmy M, Zakria Shaker H, Nafea A, Abo EL Naga M , Mahmoud Gabr A, Farouk Allam M* 

Department of General Surgery, * Department of Community, Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Egypt. *Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cordoba, Spain 

REVISTA ESPAÑOLA DE INVESTIGACIONES QUIRÚRGICAS

Spanish Journal of Surgical Research

REIQ 2019 Vol XXII nº1 (11-14)

ABSTRACT Background: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is essentially a restrictive bariatric operation. Weight loss is achieved by drastically reducing the gastric volume, which in turn leads to reduced food intake. In addition, a series of hormonal changes occurring postoperatively in bariatric patients, contribute to decreased appetite, reduced food intake and long-term weight loss. To date there is a lack of standardization regarding the surgical technique of LSG, which may affect the long-term outcome of the patients. Our study aimed to assess the difference in short and long- term weight loss and complications between antral resection in laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and classical laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy with antral preservation. Patients and Methods: This is a controlled clinical trial held in Ain Shams University Hospital including 40 patients with BMI >30, of them 20 underwent antral resection in laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, and the other 20 patients underwent classical laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, with antral preservation. Results: Our study showed mild increase in weight loss and BMI reduction after 12 months in the antral resection group compared with the antral preservation group with mean weight loss 70.5kg in antral resection group versus 75.05kg in antral preservation group and mean BMI 27.7% in antral resection group versus 27.9% in antral preservation group, but did not reach statistical significant values. Conclusion: Our study showed that antral resection in laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy resulted in non-significant better weight loss in the first postoperative year than classical laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. 

KEYWORDS Sleeve gastrectomy, Antral resection, Body mass index.

http://www.reiq.es/ESP/pdf/REIQ22.1.2019.pdf

Selenium supplements for asthma: a systematic review of clinical trials/ Suplementos de selenio para el asma: revisión sistemática de ensayos clínicos

Suplementos de selenio para el asma: revisión sistemática de ensayos clínicos

Alexandra Remón Love, Carmen Díaz Molina, Mohamed Farouk Allam*

Área de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Córdoba. Córdoba

Medicina General y de Familia. 2018; 7(6): 245-251

Sociedad Española de Médicos Generales y de Familia

http://mgyf.org/suplementos-de-selenio-para-el-asma-revision-sistematica-de-ensayos-clinicos/

http://dx.doi.org/10.24038/mgyf.2018.069

Objetivo. El objetivo de este metanalisis es examinar distintos estudios experimentales para determinar si administrando suplementos de selenio (Se) a estos pacientes obtenemos una mejoría clínica del asma.

Material y métodos. Se realizó una búsqueda de ensayos controlados aleatorios, en los que se diera suplementos de Se, a ser posible comparado con administración de placebo. Los resultados analizados fueron la mejoría clínica, la función pulmonar, los niveles de Se y glutation‑peroxidasa Se‑dependiente antes y después del tratamiento, y la calidad de vida.

Resultados. Se localizaron 12 estudios; de ellos 6 cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Solo 3 estudios evaluaron los síntomas y la mejoría clínica; 2 estudios demostraron mejoría clínica y 1 estudio demostró menor uso de corticoesteriodes inhalados a partir de 24 semanas de suplementos de Se. Solo 2 estudios evaluaron las funciones pulmonares; un ensayo controlado aleatorio no demostró mejoría en la FEV1, mientras el otro ensayo clínico no controlado demostró mejoría en la FEV1 y la FVC. Solo 3 estudios evaluaron la calidad de vida de los asmáticos; todos utilizaron escalas distintas para evaluar la calidad de vida de los participantes. Los 2 ensayos clínicos no controlados demostraron mejoría en la calidad de vida, mientras el ensayo clínico controlado demostró mejoría en ambos grupos, aunque siendo la diferencia no fue estadísticamente significativa con respecto a placebo.

Conclusiones. A pesar de la heterogeneidad entre los estudios localizados, hay indicios de que los suplementos de Se podrían ser útiles para el tratamiento del asma.

Palabras clave: Selenio, Asma, Suplemento, Revisión sistemática, Estudio experimental.

Selenium supplements for asthma: a systematic review of clinical trials

Objective. Our goal is to analyze randomized controlled trials to determine whether giving selenium supplements improve asthmatic symptomatology or not.

Material and methods. We performed a research of randomized controlled trials in which selenium supplements were given to asthmatic patients, with a control group treated with placebo if possible. The analyzed results were clinical improvement, quality of life, selenium and selenium-dependent glutathione-peroxidase enzyme plasma levels before and after treatment.

Results. 12 studies were found, 6 of them met our inclusion criteria. Only 3 studies measured symptoms and clinical improvement; 2 proved that there was an improvement in the symptomatology of asthmatic patients and 1 showed a decrease in the dosage of inhaled corticosteroids after 24 weeks of taking selenium supplements. Only 2 studies evaluated pulmonary function; a controlled randomized trial found that the FEV1 hadn’t improved, while another non-controlled trial showed better results in the FEV1 and FVC. Only 3 studies analyzed quality of life (QoL) in asthmatics. Each of the 3 used different scales to evaluate the QoL of the participants. Both non-controlled clinical trials showed improvement, as did the controlled clinical trial in both groups although the difference between them was not significant.

Conclusions. Despite the heterogeneity between the studies we located, there is some evidence that selenium supplements could be useful for asthma treatments.

Keywords: Selenium, Asthma, Supplements, Systematic review, Controlled clinical trial