Melatonin could be used for Treatment of COVID-19?

Melatonin could be used for Treatment of COVID-19?

 

Rehab Mohamed Ali Mohamed (1), Ghada Essam El-Din Amin (1,2), Salwa Mostafa Mohammad Abdel Rahman (1,3), Mohamed Farouk Allam (1,4)*

 

1. Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

2. Department of Community, Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

3. Department of Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Management, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams Univer[1]sity, Cairo, Egypt

4. Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Cordoba, Cordoba 14004, Spain

 

*Correspondence: farouk.allam@med.asu.edu.eg

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31586/gjeid.2022.188

Abstract:

Coronaviruses (CoVs) are a broad family of potentially serious RNA viruses that are now causing an outbreak of respiratory disease known as CoV disease 2019 (COVID-19). Melatonin is a pineal hormone that is predominantly produced and released at night from the amino acid trypto[1]phan. Melatonin and its metabolites are also important in immunomodulation, and they have anti[1]oxidative properties due to their capacity to scavenge reactive oxygen species both directly and in[1]directly. COVID-19 leads to changes of altered consciousness levels in about 15% of hospitalized patients, starting from somnolence to disorientation, delirium, stupor, and coma. Melatonin can de[1]crease the molecules that cause delirium in the elderly and central respiratory depression, such as benzodiazepines and antipsychotics. Melatonin may help alleviate infection-induced acute respira[1]tory distress as well as its diverse effects, which include anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and im[1]mune-enhancing properties. Its supplemental dose may be able to prevent SARS-COV-2 infections by reversing aerobic glycolysis via suppression of both HIF-1 and mTOR, allowing pyruvate dehy[1]drogenase complex activity to be suppressed and acetyl-coenzyme A to be produced. When mito[1]chondrion-produced and parenteral melatonin are combined, the cytokine storm is reduced, and COVID-19 infection-induced damage is alleviated. In conclusion, melatonin could have an im[1]portant role in the management of COVID-19.

 

Keywords: Coronavirus, COVID-19, Melatonin, Management, Review.

Global Journal of Epidemiology and Infectious Disease, 2022, 2, 19-22

https://www.scipublications.com/journal/index.php/gjeid/article/view/188